PARTS OF SEWING MACHINE

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PARTS OF THE BASIC SEWING MACHINE

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1. SPOOL PIN

It is fitted on top of the arm to hold the reel.

2. THREAD GUIDE

It holds the thread in position from the spool to the needle.

3. TENSION DISC

The two concave discs put together with the convex side facing each other . The thread pass is between the two .The tension of the third is adjusted by a spring and nut, which increases or decreases pressure.

4. TAKE UP LEVER

It is a lever fitted to body of arm. It's a up and down motion  feeds the threads to the needle and tightens the loop formed by the shuttle.

5. NEEDLE BAR

This is a steel rod to hold the needle at one end with the help of a clamp. It's main function is to give motion to the needle

6. BOBBIN CASE

This moves into position to catch the top thread and firm the stitch as the needle is lowered into the bobbin chamber.

7. PRESSER FOOT

It is fixed to presser bar to hold the cloth firmly in position when lowered.

8. PRESSER FOOT LIFTER

Liver attached to the presser bar for raising and lowering the presser foot.

9. STITCH REGULATOR

This controls the length of the stitch.

10. BOBBIN WINDER

A simple mechanism used for winding thread on the Bobbin.

11. FLY WHEEL

When this is made to revolve, it works the mechanism of the motion.

12. CLUTCH OR THUMB SCREW

This is in the center of flywheel and it engages and disengages the stitching mechanism.

13. SLIDE PLATE

A rectangular plate which facilitates the removal of Bobbin case without lifting the machine.

14. NEEDLE PLATE IR THROAT PLATE

Semi circular disc with the hole to allow the needle to pass through it.

15. FEED DOG

This consists of a set of teeth fitted below the needle plate. It helps the cloth to move forward or backward while sewing.

16. FACE PLATE

Cover which on removal give access to the oiling point on the needle bar , presser bar,  and take up lever.

17. SPOOL PIN FOR BOBBIN WINDING

Spool of thread is placed on this at the time of Bobbin winding.
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PARTS OF ELECTRONIC SEWING MACHINE

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1. POWER SWITCH

Nearly all electric sewing machines, whether mechanical, electronic or computerized, have a power switch.
Because anything that is connected to an electrical source has power – even when turned off – it is recommended that any sewing machine that is not in use be unplugged.

2. PRESSER FOOT

The presser foot holds the fabric in place while sewing. Presser feet come in several styles to accommodate different sewing machine construction - slanted, straight, short and long. There are many different types of presser feet.
In short, there is a presser foot for every sewing task i.e. attaching buttons, inserting zippers, straight stitch, zigzag stitch, applique, gathering, quilting, rolled hem, etc.

3. PRESSER FOOT LIFTER

Raises the presser foot to allow easy insertion of fabric. 

4. FEED DOGS

Guide the fabric beneath the presser foot toward the back of the machine while sewing. On most sewing machines, the feed dogs can be lowered to accommodate certain sewing tasks like darning, quilting, machine embroidery, attaching buttons and free hand sewing.

5. THROAT PLATE

Also referred to as needle plate. An interchangeable cover that fits around the feed dogs and covers the bobbin mechanism underneath. 

6. NEEDLE

The most essential part of any sewing machine. Some sewing machines are capable of using double needles or are built to accommodate more than one needle at the same time.

7. THREAD TAKE UP

Part of the process of threading the sewing machine needle. The thread take up can be either stationary or movable, depending upon your sewing machine and the way it is made.

8. UPPER TENSION REGULATOR

Most sewing machines come with a tension adjustment dial somewhere near the needle. This gauge is used to adjust the tightness or looseness of the upper thread.
As we work with different fabric types and thicknesses, it is necessary to make tension adjustments to prevent the stitches from bunching, looping or binding.
When your tension is properly set, your stitches will be consistently even, smooth and secure. 

9. THREAD GUIDE

Maintains thread stability as it is guided toward the needle. Depending on the threading process of your particular sewing machine, you may have more than one thread guide.

10. SPOOL PIN

Holds your thread spool while you are winding the bobbin and sewing. Many sewing machines have more than one spool pin, making it possible to easily work with two different thread colors.

11. BOBBIN WINDER

This is where you load your empty bobbins with thread before starting your sewing.

12. BALANCE WHEEL

Also called fly wheel. Linked directly to the sewing machine motor, usually by a rubber belt. The balance wheel is activated by pressing the foot pedal and is the main moving part.When the balance wheel is in motion, the motor is engaged and the sewing machine runs. 
The balance wheel can also be turned by hand to raise or lower the needle.

13. STITCH LENGTH REGULATOR

Adjusts the length of stitches. This option is helpful when basting, sewing curves and creating decorative effects, etc.

14. STITCH WIDTH REGULATOR

Adjusts the width of zigzag and decorative stitches.

15. BOBBIN/BOBBIN CASE

Holds the bobbin in place while sewing. See items 18, 19 and 20 below.

16. FOOT CONTROL

Also referred to as foot pedal. Almost every sewing machine has a foot pedal which is the sewer’s way of making the sewing machine actually sew.

17. NEEDLE CLAMP

Holds the needle in place; must be loosened to remove the needle when it is time for a new one.

18. BOBBIN

Small spool which feeds the thread beneath the needle.

19. BOBBIN CASE

Contains and holds the bobbin in place while the machine is in operation. Lower tension is adjusted by turning a tiny screw in the bobbin case to the right or left.

20. RACE HOOK

Houses the bobbin and bobbin case, holding the two in place as it moves, feeding the thread up toward the needle while the machine is operating. The race hook is the part of the sewing machine that makes it possible for the bobbin thread do its job.
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